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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | luštaraltam | om luštaralt |
| 2SG: | luštaraltat | ot luštaralt |
| 3SG: | luštaralteš | ok/ogeš luštaralt |
| 1PL: | luštaraltə̑na | ona/ogə̑na luštaralt |
| 2PL: | luštaraltə̑da | oda/ogə̑da luštaralt |
| 3PL: | luštaraltə̑t | ogə̑t luštaralt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | luštaraltə̑m | šə̑m luštaralt |
| 2SG: | luštaraltə̑č́ | šə̑č́ luštaralt |
| 3SG: | luštaralte | ə̑š luštaralt |
| 1PL: | luštaraltna | ə̑šna luštaralt |
| 2PL: | luštaraltda | ə̑šda luštaralt |
| 3PL: | luštaraltə̑č́ | ə̑št luštaralt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | luštaraltə̑nam | luštaraltə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | luštaraltə̑nat | luštaraltə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | luštaraltə̑n | luštaraltə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | luštaraltə̑nna | luštaraltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | luštaraltə̑nda | luštaraltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | luštaraltə̑nə̑t | luštaraltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | luštaraltam ə̑l'e | om luštaralt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | luštaraltat ə̑l'e | ot luštaralt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | luštaralteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš luštaralt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | luštaraltə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na luštaralt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | luštaraltə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da luštaralt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | luštaraltə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t luštaralt ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | luštaraltam ulmaš | om luštaralt ulmaš |
| 2SG: | luštaraltat ulmaš | ot luštaralt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | luštaralteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš luštaralt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | luštaraltə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na luštaralt ulmaš |
| 2PL: | luštaraltə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da luštaralt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | luštaraltə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t luštaralt ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | luštaraltə̑nam ə̑l'e | luštaraltə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | luštaraltə̑nat ə̑l'e | luštaraltə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | luštaraltə̑n ə̑l'e | luštaraltə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | luštaraltə̑nna ə̑l'e | luštaraltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | luštaraltə̑nda ə̑l'e | luštaraltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | luštaraltə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | luštaraltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | luštaraltə̑nam ulmaš | luštaraltə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | luštaraltə̑nat ulmaš | luštaraltə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | luštaraltə̑n ulmaš | luštaraltə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | luštaraltə̑nna ulmaš | luštaraltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | luštaraltə̑nda ulmaš | luštaraltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | luštaraltə̑nə̑t ulmaš | luštaraltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | luštaralt | it luštaralt |
| 3SG: | luštaraltše | ə̑nže luštaralt |
| 1PL: | (luštaraltə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na luštaralt) |
| 2PL: | luštaraltsa | ida luštaralt |
| 3PL: | luštaraltə̑št | ə̑nə̑št luštaralt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | luštaraltnem | ə̑nem luštaralt |
| 2SG: | luštaraltnet | ə̑net luštaralt |
| 3SG: | luštaraltneže | ə̑než luštaralt |
| 1PL: | luštaraltnena | ə̑nena luštaralt |
| 2PL: | luštaraltneda | ə̑neda luštaralt |
| 3PL: | luštaraltnešt | ə̑nešt luštaralt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | luštaraltnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem luštaralt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | luštaraltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net luštaralt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | luštaraltneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než luštaralt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | luštaraltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena luštaralt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | luštaraltneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda luštaralt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | luštaraltnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt luštaralt ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | luštaraltnet ulmaš | ə̑net luštaralt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | luštaraltneže ulmaš | ə̑než luštaralt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | luštaraltneda ulmaš | ə̑neda luštaralt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | luštaraltnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt luštaralt ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | luštaraltaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | luštaraltman |
| Active participle: | luštaraltše |
| Passive participle: | luštaraltme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | luštaraltšaš |
| Negative participle: | luštaraltdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | luštaraltə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | luštaraltde |
| Gerund of prior action: | luštaraltmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | luštaraltmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | luštaraltšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | luštaraltmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | luštaraltdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||